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PCBNet Circuit Board Manufacturing
August 16, 2016
To most clients the method used by a company in manufacturing circuit boards spells the difference between an excellent and a mediocre product. This is the reason we here at PCBNet are very particular about sharing with our clients the manufacturing process of our printed circuit boards.
To give you an idea, below is the step by step process:
Step 1.
Printed Circuit Board Computer Aided Manufacturing (PCB CAM). We start with the production of the printed circuit board fabrication data. This is often generated by CAD using Gerber layer images, Excellent drill files, component information and IPC-D-356 net list. Unlike other manufacturers, we read onto the Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) software the Excellent or Gerber files that are in the fabrication data. This makes for a better designed printed circuit board that functions at its optimum.
Step 2.
Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) functionality. CAM is the software we use here at PCBNet that inputs the fabrication data first and then follows through with data verification. Once the first two steps are done, CAM proceeds to compensate for misalignments in the process of manufacturing. A good example is when scaling is required to mitigate possible distortions in the lamination process. Once issues are addressed the CAM starts penalization and finishes off with output of tools such as electrical test files, automated optical inspection data, copper patterns, legend image, and solder resists image.
Step 3.
Penalization is an important step in the printed circuit board manufacturing process. It entails assembly of several numbers of printed circuit boards into one ‘panel’, thus the term penalization. Panels can consist of similarly designed PCBs or can be a mix of PCBs with different designs. The two types of PCB panels produced at PCBNet are bare board panels and assembly panels or arrays. When we make panels, we make sure the components are assembled onto the plane and not on individual circuit boards. In terms of design and functionality this is the more efficient and practical approach.
Step 4.
De-penalization is the process of breaking down a panel into individual printed circuit boards with components attached. This is done by creating perforations and drilling on the boundaries of each single circuit board that is in the panel. Another way of separating individual PCBs from a circuit board is through the use of a laser cutter. A far more efficient method because it creates very little stress on the boards and reduces damage.
Step 5.
Copper patterning is that part of the production process where unwanted copper formations on the PCBs are removed using a variety of methods. Essentially the PCB pattern which is found in the CAM system is replicated as a protective mask and placed onto the PCB layers with copper foils. Then the PCB goes through an etching process which removes the unnecessary copper residue.
Below are the very many ways PCBNet accomplishes copper patterning on our circuit boards:
a. Photoengraving creates a photo resist mask that removes any UV sensitive copper coating on individual circuit boards.
b. Silk screen printing is the process of etching resistant ink on the PCB to build a protective mask.
c. Printed circuit board milling uses a milling machine or PCB prototype to remove or mill away the accumulated copper foils on the substrate. It is able to do this because it has a three axis milling system which is powered mechanically.
d. And then there is the laser resist ablation process. It sprays black paint on the laminate which is copper clad. And then the entire PCB is placed on a laser plotter. The laser then scans the entire PCB and as it does so it vaporizes the black paint along with the copper elements that are attached to it. Although this process sounds very efficient, it is still in the beta stage and still requires a bit more fine-tuning.
The choice of copper patterning method, whether photoengraving, laser resist or silk screen, will depend on two things – the resolution required for the PCB that is going to be manufactured and the number of PCBs that needs to be produced. If client requires a large volume of PCBs delivered we recommend to either photoengrave or silk screen print. If we have to deliver a small number of PCBs then milling, laser resist and photo masking would be the best way to go in terms of copper patterning. So, whether our client requires a large shipment of PCBs or just a small package, they are assured we will have the right copper patterning method to ensure the final products are up to standard.
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Playing With Golf Drivers
July 25, 2016
One of the most difficult but rewarding shots from beginners up to seasoned professionals would be the drive, as it gives you farthest distance but the least accuracy. This is because golf drivers have the longest shaft and the least lofted angle out of all the other clubs. This is why we recommend trying out all the other clubs such as irons and the hybrids first so you could actually get a feel for each.
However, if you want to be able to maximize the number of yards the ball passes as you hit it, you should first have a basic understanding of when and when not to drive, and of course, know what kind of golf drivers would be the best fit for your game. Here www.rockbottomgolf.com , you can get the best offer of golf drivers.
Here to offer good advice to improve your driving game as well as being able to handpick the best driver for your needs.:
The driver has a large club head so a lot of fundamentals are needed to consistently hit good drives. There’s lesser control, so always make sure that you have enough space to hit the ball and remember to not add too much power to the shot. Always position yourself correctly from the tee and grip the club as naturally as you can. Essentially, what we focus on is being able to swing with the proper form and mechanics in order to hit the ball long and straight. Do anything less than this, and you’ll surely be in for some embarrassment, as golf drivers don’t give you much room for mistakes.
The fastest and most practical way to learn the proper form would be to watch others do it whether personally or through videos on the Internet. Another thing you need to know is to when to actually go for the drive. When holes are wide open, usually it’s a safe call to drive the ball. There are numerous situations that would be good to use the drive but generally golf courses are designed differently, so it’s better to practice a lot in order to develop the sense needed for a good driving game. These tips are pretty self-explanatory, so it’s best to start on them as best as you can. But before you can even start mastering all of this, you’ll also need to know how to purchase golf drivers that would suit your game the most.
If you’re just a casual player interested in developing your skills, you don’t have to compromise on your gear as there many places where you can buy the best equipment for a good price. Personally, we at Rock Bottom Golf have our own philosophy of offering incredible deals on high quality golf equipment from the biggest golf brands so that we may be able to provide them for all types of golfers. If you want to hit the ball consistent long and straight drives, you need to find a driver with the proper loft. As a general rule, the kind of loft you would need depends on how fast you can swing.If you think you have a slow swing, a driver with a loft of 9.5˚ might not be enough for you so we recommend looking for a driver with a higher makeup on the loft. Players who swing fast typically need fewer lofts as they create more backspin on the ball. When there is too much backspin, the distance the ball goes can actually decrease. This aspect of driving relies on your swing, so self-awareness on that trait combined with a suitable driver will increase your chances of having the ball fly straight. Furthermore, you have to choose the right tee that goes along with your driver.
Now that we’ve given you all these tips, the next and most crucial step that you must take in order to master the art of driving is to keep on practicing and experimenting on your shots on each game. Golf is not as one-dimensional as the very concept of “putting the ball inside the hole” behind the game may seem like. There are far too many mental and technical variables to consider when playing the game, so you have to make sure to get the fundamental aspects down in terms of the actual game and the equipment. In order to truly cultivate a appreciation for the game, you have to keep on trying different combinations of technique, equipment and style. Once you have this, we’re pretty sure you’ll be able to get great satisfaction as a golf player.
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A Tour at www.wholesalelanyards.com
July 20, 2016
In these modern times, most people find it more convenient to buy things at the tip of their hands. Online shopping is the new way of selling and buying what you need whenever, wherever. You can purchase almost anything from clothes, shoes, accessories, gadgets and now, even lanyards for your company or organization.
www.wholesalelanyards.com provides exceptional online shopping experience for your company’s needs. Lanyards of different types are available in just one click. Designs are custom made depending on what your company or organization’s branding.
Home page is where it all started. This is where a brief summary of what we offer is displayed. Motion pictures are displayed to show how the website works. We also take pride of our products by showing most of the companies we cater. Link image on how we can connect to the most popular networking sites can be found in here. Overall, our homepage states it all about what is in store for you on the site.
Once an order was placed at our site, www.wholesalelanyards.com, it comes with free shipping anywhere in the USA, free artwork and design, free color matching, no setup or mold fees, full lanyard imprint area and we guarantee 100% satisfaction. Clients often post their testimonials on how satisfied they are with their order. These testimonials are visible from the first step in placing your order to entice future customers.The first step in placing your order is to fill out the free quote form on the left side of the page. From here, you may choose from a few of the more common color options for lanyards. If the color preferred is not listed from the options, we recommend checking the full Pantone Solid Coated Swatch Library that contains the complete line color options. This form contains options for the lanyard type, width and color both for the lanyard and imprint, text, attachments and quantity, which is a minimum of 100 pieces.
Options for add-ons, such as safety breakaway buckle release and badge holders, are included. To make it more personalized, you may also attach the image you want to imprint on the lanyard and any other additional comments or instructions.
After submitting the form, we’ll then send over a quote and the proof to the email address provided. This will allow you to approve the quotation or request changes. If everything’s good to go, continue with the order whenever you are ready.
At www.wholesalelanyards.com, we make sure deciding on what type of lanyard to choose is easy.
Information for every type of lanyards is provided which you can find on the lanyard styles page. Details are viewable by clicking on the specific type. These include the width and the pricing.
Prices vary depending on the lanyard type, width and quantity ordered on the website. The pricing page provides this information, including the prices for the lanyard attachments and badge holders. Unlike the lanyard type and attachments where prices depend on the quantity, badge holders pricing varies from the styles offered.
Product samples are available for viewing on the website to help in deciding which type will fit your design. These samples are viewable by going to the Gallery page. To get a detailed image, simply click on the image itself and it will be maximized.
Here at www.wholesalelanyards.com, you always get the full control on how your lanyard should look like. With this being said, we are now down to the most exciting part of the site, the Lanyard Builder. This is subdivided into three easy steps. The first step is to select lanyard type, width and quantity. Next is to select attachments and additional options. Free and paid attachments are part of the option on this step. The last step is to build your lanyard imprint design.
From here, a wide range of lanyard colors and imprint options are available. Imprint options include imprint patter, text color and style. No worries in selecting these options as we provide more information on each section by hovering the mouse to the “I” icon.
www.wholesalelanyards.com is a user-friendly site as it makes the navigation easy for everyone. Navigation links are provided as a guide on where to go. A tab on the upper portion of the page provides a clearer insight on details that can be viewed on a specific page. Help is on hand as frequently asked questions are always visible.
Background and text color blends also make it pleasing to the eye. Although it seems like a one stop shop for everyone who is looking for a new branding campaign for their company and organization, we are still making continuous improvements on the site to ensure that our shop got it all for you.
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Why Badge Holders Are Important In Everyday Work Life?
June 16, 2016
ID badge holders are essentially more important in everyday work life than ever because of many practical reasons. In fact, our company aims to inform people how these products support everyday life in the workplace. Aside from identification purposes, individuals can use a badge holder in other ways without any hassle. However, we understand how tough it is to choose the type of ID holder to buy since there is a plethora of these products available in the market today. So, it’s important to read the following tips and insights to ensure informed buying decision for a specific badge holder design.
Wearing something on a daily basis can be daunting especially when workers need to look pleasing at the office. With the mixture of different alternatives offered in the market, it is essential to find the most unique design ever available online. On that note, we can help you start the search and finally see the ultimate badge holders you will need for the rest of your lives.Below are the distinctive components that you should consider before buying a badge holder design to meet specific needs and expectations:
1. Incorporates beaded cords or laces for badges and IDs
2. Provides clear magnetic holders or stick-on holders
3. Offers long haul elements, such as professionalism, expense and sturdiness
Luckily, beaded lanyards for IDs and badges are staggeringly reasonable things that are similarly accessible. Many people in fact don’t mind about having these alternatives to showcase identification.
Saddling to the average or standard issue ID or badge holders will not give interesting benefits like the following:
1. Substantial piece in everyday work life
It will give greater motivation to change boring ID lanyards into something more appealing. Choosing an attractive thing over the standard ones like plastic and metal cut will also help achieve ultimate recognition, so treat yourself with some stunning ID holders to help style up your everyday work outfit.
2. Wide range of choices
With us, you have a hundred percent guarantee that you will find exactly what you need without the hassles of traditional shopping. By just logging onto our site, you can easily make an online purchase while a professional staff who is available 12/7 will guide you throughout the entire process. A male buyer can choose badge cuts like cords or metal for a stronger cowhide. For female, there are colorful designs and attractive textures to choose from.3. Retractable badges as excellent alternatives
For those who are wearing badges as “electronic key”, the retractable ID badge reel can help empower simple and snappy sliding of the key onto the card onlooker. For individuals who just don’t want to wear lanyards or cords, the cut on badges or magnetic holder is the perfect solution.
Why Choose Us
Our badge holders also support those who are carrying Blue Badge used in parking concessions. If you travel or take a tour either as passengers or drivers, then it is important to present the Blue Badge. With the modern products and services available in the market today, people should know how to find the best ones that will suit their needs. Both private and public sectors require identification systems to ensure protection against any potential danger to the members within the organization. Our cost efficient solutions and affordable services will give you the best online shopping experience you truly deserve.
Finding a reputable lanyard manufacturer in the country can be a challenging job, but if you choose our brand, you will have better chances of receiving high quality ID lanyards based on what you really want. The plethora of choices we offer on the site will help you maximize your ID holder needs and benefits. Just keep in mind that quality is always important than designs. You can contact us today or kindly follow visit our website, so you can raise any questions and other related concerns that you have.
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The Effectiveness of MK2866 in Muscle Wasting and Gaining
May 25, 2016
MK2866, popularly known as Ostarine, is an SARM developed by GTx for the treatment and prevention of muscle wasting. At present, clinical trials are conducted to test its capability in preventing atrophy, sarcopenia, and cachexia as well as for Hormone or Testosterone Replacement Therapy.
As a research chemical, Ostarine belongs to a group of chemicals called as Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators or SARMS. These chemicals perform selective anabolic activity on particular androgen receptors only, hence their name. As compared to testosterone as well as other pro hormones and anabolic steroids, the benefit of using SARMS is that they do not have any androgenic activity in the non-skeletal muscle tissues.This substance is effective not just in maintaining lean body mass but in increasing it as well. It is most of the time described as or called S1, but this is incorrect since S1 is an SARM that was formed quite early, and further development has been done.
What SARMs Can Do For Your Muscle
SARMs bind to the androgen receptor as well as demonstrate osteo (bone) and myo (muscular) anabolic activity. Activation and binding to the androgen receptor affect the genes expression and protein synthesis is increased, thus building muscle. MK2866 causes muscle growth in the same way as the steroids do. However, as compared to testosterone as well as other prohormones and anabolic steroids, they do not produce the growth effect in the prostate and in other secondary sexual organs.
The Effects of Ostarine Anabolic Activity
The anabolic activity of Ostarine affects the muscle tissue only. It does not only provide treatment for muscle wasting disease, but it is also very effective in building muscles for athletes and bodybuilders. It is also an agent that reduces atrophy during the recovery period after serious surgery.
Studies Conducted to Prove Ostarine’s Effectiveness
GTx has conducted several clinical trials and efficacy studies that involve 600 subjects. One study, the 4 month Phase IIb clinical trial that involves 159 participants, was conducted to prove MK2866’s ability to increase the total lean mass and to increase the muscle strength. Almost all of the participants show an increase in their lean body mass (LBM) as well as strength levels.
The Uses of Ostarine
1.Lean Muscle Gains (bulking)
As mentioned above, its primary function is to increase lean body mass. The increase in muscle is different with the one you can gain from using steroids. The gain you will get is exclusively lean muscle mass only. Since the substance lacks shutdown as compared to steroids, a PCT period is not required and the muscle gained will remain once the cycle is completed.
A 25mg dose of Ostarine for four to six weeks is recommended for achieving the lean body mass that you want. This will produce six bounds or three kilograms of lean mass.
Users can take as much as 36 mg (This is recommended only for those who weigh 210lbs.) for 8 weeks. However, the possibility for suppression from this dose is higher and users should look into a PCT protocol after completing the cycle.
Most of the Ostarine 25mg are available in 30ml bottles. A 17.5mg dose each day will provide a six-week cycle.
2.Losing Body Fat (Cutting)
MK2866 is used in a cutting protocol to maintain muscle mass while reducing calories. Losing one’s hard-earned muscle mass is disheartening. The drop in hormone levels with lack of calories is an ideal catabolic environment for loss of muscle tissue. The dieters can reduce calories without worrying about the strength or muscle loss. This substance has shown nutrient partitioning impacts among users.
A four to six weeks protocol with 12.5 to 15mg dosing is good for cutting using MK2866 without experiencing any suppression or side effects.